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- $Title{Otitis Externa}
-
- A Medical Times Patient Education Chart
- (C) Romaine Pierson Publishers, Inc.
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Otitis Externa
-
- Water Gets Trapped in the Ear
-
- Otitis externa is brought on by too much moisture in the external
- auditory canal. This passageway leading from the outer ear opening to the
- eardrum is approximately one inch long. The lingering moisture softens and
- wears away the skin lining the outer ear canal, making it more susceptible to
- infection, usually by bacteria and occasionally by a fungus.
- Often the excess moisture is the result of water entering the ear during
- diving or swimming, giving the condition its common name of "swimmer's ear."
- Otitis externa can also be caused by hair spray or hair dye, or by aggressive
- cleaning of the ear with a cotton swab. Dead cells from the skin lining the
- ear are naturally edged outward, taking with them other accumulated debris,
- but inserting a cotton swab pushes these substances back into the ear. The
- debris and cerumen (commonly called earwax) can trap water or other sources
- of moisture in the canal.
- Otitis externa can also be caused by a furuncle, a boil resulting from an
- abscess of a hair follicle in the ear. If you have allergies or skin
- conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, you may be more likely to develop
- otitis externa.
-
- Signs and Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of otitis externa include itching, burning, and pain. Furuncles
- can be particularly painful. The skin lining the external auditory canal may
- appear red and swollen and the canal may become filled with pus, causing a
- bad-smelling discharge and temporary loss of hearing.
-
- Ear Drops and Analgesics
-
- Because of the possibility of pushing the pus and debris farther into the
- ear, removal of accumulated material should be left to your doctor, who may
- remove it with irrigation, suction, or dry wipes. Ear drops may then be
- instilled. These drops may be an acetic acid and water solution (acetic acid
- is the principal acid in vinegar) or a combination of cortisone-like drugs to
- reduce the swelling and antibiotics to destroy the bacteria. Codeine or other
- analgesics may be needed for pain relief. Oral antibiotics may be needed,
- especially if there is spreading cellulitis, a bacterial infection that can
- penetrate deep into the skin and have more widespread effects on other parts
- of the body.
- Due to the severe pain associated with furuncles, analgesics are almost
- always prescribed. Furuncles should be allowed to drain naturally and while
- draining will discharge a bloody pus. They should not be pierced to produce
- drainage, since this could cause a spreading inflammation. Applying drops is
- not effective for furuncles.
-